Common Spinal muscle injuries
There are three different regions of spine muscles, and all are prone to spinal muscle injuries. These regions are cervical (neck), thoracic (trunk), and lumbar (low back). The eighteen cervical, five thoracic, and eight lumbar muscles are each named for their function, location, and shape.
Some muscles lie just beneath the back muscles, while the others are found at a deeper level. Each muscle is surrounded by a thick layer of connective tissue known as the fascia, which provides protection. Additionally, a ligament that helps control and support movement of the spine connects all to bones. All of the muscles are in pairs, with one on each side of the spinal column.
Functions
Spinal muscles are responsible for posture and carrying the weight of the upper body throughout regular activities. These muscles perform four distinct functions:
- Muscles in the front (anterior) help the spine to flex forward
- Back (posterior) muscles allow the spine to move into extension
- Muscles on the side (lateral) aid with side flexion and rotation
Cervical muscles provide the following movements:
- Extends, flexes, rotates, and pulls the head back as well as allowing it to bend to the side
- Flexes, extends, and rotates the vertebral column
- Flexes and rotates the neck
Thoracic muscles serve to:
- Extend, laterally flex, and rotate the vertebral column
- Rotate the ribs
The role of the lumbar muscles is to provide:
- Thigh flexion at the hip
- Vertebral column extension, lateral flexion, and rotation
- Rib rotation
Back pain can often result from injury to the vertebral column muscles, as several of these are small and more prone to damage. Injuries occur as a result of trauma or repetitive stress. In many instances, these injuries will heal with a combination of rest, heat and cold treatment, activity modification, and rehabilitation. A holistic therapeutic exercise program made by a physical therapist will help to build strength and flexibility and reduce the risk of further injury.
If you have a history of back injury and would like to learn about our treatment choices from one of our specialists, please contact our Seguin or New Braunfels offices.
